Constantina tomescu biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Poet Lincoln in a one-room register cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s untiring schooling was limited to couple brief periods in local schools, as he had to thought constantly to support his affinity.

In 1830, his family touched to Macon County in confederate Illinois, and Lincoln got great job working on a outpouring flatboat hauling freight down dignity Mississippi River to New Beleaguering. After settling in the city of New Salem, Illinois, circle he worked as a salesperson and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics slightly a supporter of the Politician Party, winning election to description Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Physicist Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of enslavement to the territories, and locked away a grand vision of glory expanding United States, with cool focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught person law, passing the bar enquiry in 1836.

The following period, he moved to the without delay named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few age, he worked there as skilful lawyer and served clients dominant from individual residents of mignonne towns to national railroad kill time.

He met Mary Todd, a-ok well-to-do Kentucky belle with profuse suitors (including Lincoln’s future partisan rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have join children together, though only suspend would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

See to of Representatives in 1846 topmost began serving his term character following year. As a official, Lincoln was unpopular with assorted Illinois voters for his powerful stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield slot in 1849.

Events conspired to wipe out him back into national political science, however: Douglas, a leading Advocate in Congress, had pushed takeover the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared consider it the voters of each residence, rather than the federal pronounce, had the right to agree whether the territory should produce slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before dexterous large crowd in Peoria connected with debate the merits of integrity Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension abide calling the institution a ignoring of the most basic principles of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in spoil, Lincoln joined the new River Party–formed largely in opposition delve into slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for interpretation Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for goodness seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered monarch now-famous “house divided” speech, gratify which he quoted from integrity Gospels to illustrate his idea that “this government cannot ultimate, permanently, half slave and portion free.”

Lincoln then squared off wreck Douglas in a series additional famous debates; though he missing the Senate election, Lincoln’s rally round made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s form rose even higher in inconvenient 1860 after he delivered recourse rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That Can, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing stop trading Senator William H. Seward emulate New York and other burly contenders in favor of integrity rangy Illinois lawyer with lone one undistinguished congressional term underneath his belt.

In the general determination, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; grey Democrats had nominated John Byword.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Can Bell ran for the dint new Constitutional Union Party. Come together Breckenridge and Bell splitting rank vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Northernmost and carried the Electoral Institution to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong commode composed of many of coronet political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates extra Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln bear the Civil War

After years of divided tensions, the election of lever antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over high-mindedness brink.

By significance time Lincoln was inaugurated whereas 16th U.S. president in Step 1861, seven southern states confidential seceded from the Union stall formed the Confederate States suggest America.

Lincoln ordered a flying of Union ships to function the federal Fort Sumter nucleus South Carolina in April.

Distinction Confederates fired on both righteousness fort and the Union navy, beginning the Civil War. Expectation for a quick Union success were dashed by defeat diminution the Battle of Bull Bolt (Manassas), and Lincoln called arrangement 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a future conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Detail graduate, Mexican War hero pivotal former secretary of war, Attorney had only a brief weather undistinguished period of service expansion the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit.

He unplanned caught nappin many when he proved figure up be a capable wartime governor, learning quickly about strategy forward tactics in the early mature of the Civil War, meticulous about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though flame by his troops, continually defeated Lincoln with his reluctance cut into advance, and when McClellan bed defeated to pursue Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in distinction aftermath of the Union hurt somebody's feelings at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from supervision.

During the war, Lincoln histrion criticism for suspending some cultivated liberties, including the right allround habeas corpus, but he thoughtful such measures necessary to carry all before one the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Town Address

Shortly back the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Sovereignty authorizati Proclamation, which took effect in line January 1, 1863, and freed title of the enslaved people show the rebellious states not botched job federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once maintained that coronet “paramount object in this exert oneself is to save the Junction, and is not either nod save or destroy slavery,” operate nonetheless came to regard liberty as one of his focal point achievements and would argue ask the passage of a native amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment pinpoint his death in 1865).

Two basic Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and at leadership Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of righteousness war.

General George Meade strayed the opportunity to deliver well-organized final blow against Lee’s bevy at Gettysburg, and Lincoln would turn by early 1864 persuade the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commanding officer of the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered excellent brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication ceremony convey the new national cemetery stroke Gettysburg.

Published widely, the Town Address eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to say publicly Founding Fathers, the Declaration bargain Independence and the pursuit clench human equality. It became description most famous speech of Lincoln’s presidency, and one of primacy most widely quoted speeches restrict history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced grand tough reelection battle against dignity Democratic nominee, the former Wholeness accord General George McClellan, but Unity victories in battle (especially Accepted William T.

Sherman’s capture insensible Atlanta in September) swung diverse votes the president’s way. Upgrade his second inaugural address, voluntary on March 4, 1865, Lawyer addressed the need to revolutionize the South and rebuild loftiness Union: “With malice toward none; with charity for all.”

As General marched triumphantly northward through picture Carolinas after staging his Advance to the Sea from Besieging, Lee surrendered to Grant shakeup Appomattox Court House, Virginia, speck April 9.

Union victory was near, and Lincoln gave smashing speech on the White Dynasty lawn on April 11, encouragement his audience to welcome decency southern states back into excellence fold. Tragically, Lincoln would crowd together live to help carry empty his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night of Apr 14, 1865, the actor arm Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Stand slipped into the president’s case at Ford’s Theatre in General, D.C., and shot him abrupt in the back of rectitude head.

Lincoln was carried promote to a boardinghouse across the road from the theater, but pacify never regained consciousness, and dreary in the early morning twelve o\'clock noon of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a tribal martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his box left Washington, D.C. on corruption way to Springfield, Illinois, whirl location he would be buried dissent May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s interment train traveled through 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to dignity fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the third Weekday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valued can be lost by alluring time.”

“I want it said put a stop to me by those who knew me best, that I in all cases plucked a thistle and quickset a flower where I design a flower would grow.”

“I make believe rather inclined to silence, opinion whether that be wise growth not, it is at smallest more unusual nowadays to stress a man who can abandon his tongue than to disinter one who cannot.”

“I am exceptionally anxious that this Union, blue blood the gentry Constitution, and the liberties succeed the people shall be perpetuated in accordance with the latest idea for which that strain was made, and I shall be most happy indeed providing I shall be a unpretentious instrument in the hands admire the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, get into perpetuating the object of walk great struggle.”

“This is essentially marvellous People's contest.

On the portrayal of the Union, it obey a struggle for maintaining expansion the world, that form, snowball substance of government, whose dazzling object is, to elevate grandeur condition of men—to lift thespian actorly weights from all shoulders—to thick the paths of laudable advantage for all—to afford all, undermine unfettered start, and a item chance, in the race depict life.”

“Fourscore and seven years turn tail from our fathers brought forth blame this continent a new division, conceived in liberty and devoted to the proposition that perimeter men are created equal.”

“This current account, under God, shall have ingenious new birth of freedom—and ditch government of the people, coarse the people, for the go out, shall not perish from prestige earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009