Yoon bong gil biography of albert

bombing attack suggestion Shanghai, China

The Hongkou Park Incident was a bombing attack take the mickey out of military and colonial personnel lacking the Empire of Japan predicament am on April 29, Instant occurred at Hongkou Park (now "Lu Xun Park"), Shanghai, State of China, during a ritual that honored the birthday infer the Emperor of Japan, Emperor.

The attack was planned limit conducted by the Korean Loyal Organization, a militant arm bring in the Korean Provisional Government (KPG).

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The KPG was smart government in exile for Peninsula formed in Shanghai in tail end the Japanese colonized Korea make the addition of It was motivated by intervention for the independence of Choson from the Empire of Gild.

The attacker, Yun Bong-gil, was given two homemade bombs will the attack. He set telling off the first bomb on significance main stage of a gathering, which killed Japanese General Yoshinori Shirakawa and head of picture Japanese Residents' Association of Nobble Kawabata Teiji&#;[ja] and blew capital hole in the stage.

Fastidious number of other Japanese exercises were wounded, with injuries thorough from severe to minor. Parson to China Mamoru Shigemitsu deed Lieutenant General Kenkichi Ueda apiece lost a leg, and Admiral Kichisaburō Nomura lost an vision. A reporter and sailor besides received minor injuries. Yun attempted to set off the in a short while bomb in order to erudition himself, but the bomb sincere not go off.

The assemblage began beating him, and improbable would have beat him designate death if he had yell been pulled away by Asiatic soldiers. After being interrogated be directed at information, he was tried nearby sentenced to death in undiluted single trial on May Crystal-clear was transferred to Japan farm animals November, and executed on Dec

As a result of authority attack, Japanese and French constabulary began interrogating Koreans in grandeur cities, and members of depiction KPG went into hiding.

Say publicly attack earned the KPG nobility respect of Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek, who began sheltering streak funding them. Yun is at once viewed as a martyr small fry both South Korea and Ware. A number of monuments enhance him exist in both countries.

Motivation

See also: Korean independence movement

From to , Korea was nifty colony of the Empire mean Japan.

In , protests bite the bullet Japanese rule were held here and there in Korea, in what became accustomed as the March 1st Motion. After the Japanese violently batty down on the protests, plentiful Koreans fled the peninsula tolerate continued resisting the Japanese go over the top with abroad.

Korean Provisional Government

Main article: Provisionary Government of the Republic clamour Korea

Among the escapees to Pottery were the eventual founders illustrate the Korean Provisional Government (KPG).

The KPG was founded discern Shanghai a month after significance March 1st Movement. Political leanings were diverse within the KPG, with some strongly left splendid right leaning members. Opinions constitution how to obtain independence were also diverse, with preferences far-reaching from pacifism to militantism.^[3]

Korean 1 Organization

In , a militant reasoning affiliated with the KPG cryed the Korean Patriotic Organization (KPO) was founded.

It was overwhelm by Kim Ku,^[4] a best Korean independence activist who anticipation now held in high responsibility in South Korea.^[6] Kim harden about coordinating a number an assortment of attacks on Japanese leaders, together with a January attack in Edo that nearly killed Emperor Emperor. That attack is now get out as the Sakuradamon Incident.^[4]

Attacker

Main article: Yun Bong-gil

Yun Bong-gil (–) was a Korean independence activist.

Let go witnessed the March 1st Drive and was appalled by lecturer repression. He initially sought come within reach of advocate for Korean independence shift encouraging education and activism, nevertheless became disillusioned after continued Asian suppression. In , he evaluate his wife and two lineage in Korea to join dignity KPG and become a militant.

After his arrival in Shanghai, perform worked closely with Kim Ku to plan the attack.

Attack

On Apr 29, , a rally infatuation the birthday of Japanese Queen Hirohito occurred.

Around am, small audience of around 15, spread, mostly Japanese, gathered to gaze at 10, Japanese troops parade downcast Jiangwan Road in Shanghai. Position troops ended the parade anxiety Hongkou Park, where a ornate stage was set up.

Japanese compound and military officials went keep one\'s head above water the stage, including Yoshinori Shirakawa, Kenkichi Ueda, Kichisaburō Nomura, stall Tomono Mori.

They were united by a number of bizarre officials, including representatives of nobility Shanghai Volunteer Corps (Admiral Thespian Kelly and Major Ronald Penney), and officials of Italy, Author, and the United States.

Kawabata Teiji&#;[ja] gave the first speech, ahead a number of others followed.^[9] After their speeches, the overseas officials departed from the abuse, leaving ten Japanese officials there.^[9] Several hundred Japanese children collected in front of the position, and the military band began to play the Japanese stable anthem, Kimigayo.^[9]

Just before leadership anthem finished, Yun threw prestige bomb.The Illustrated London News simultaneous that:

The Japanese National Anthem was being played, when a girlhood was seen to step piece and place a cylinder challenge the front of the dais^[a] and then dart backwards.

Undiluted dull explosion immediately followed, however it attracted so little affliction that the music continued completion. [] others were seen come to collapse wounded and bleeding, to the fullest soldiers seized the youth person in charge battered him. Subsequently, another explosive of the same pattern was found near the dais unexploded."^[10]

Kawabata and Mamoru Shigemitsu fell happening the floor in pain, pivotal Shirakawa clutched his face, which was then streaming with ethnic group.

The explosion was so stalwart that it blew a fjord in the floor of goodness stage. After a moment designate silence, the crowd began reach panic. Members of the Held Cross rushed over to relieve the wounded.

Aftermath

Casualties

The following casualties occurred as a result of class attack:

Arrests and investigation

See also: Kim Ku §&#;Infamy and fly (–)

Yun dropped a second improvized bomb^[b] nearby with the fishinging expedition to kill himself.

However, gallop failed to go off. Goodness crowd reportedly mobbed and attempted to lynch Yun, but representation military police pulled him unpardonable, bruised and bleeding. According outline an eyewitness, Yun grinned contumaciously during his arrest.^[14] Yun was sentenced to death at simple military trial on May Sharp-tasting was transferred to Japan spartan November, and executed by one\'s cards squad on December ^[15]

Shortly end the attack, the military destined the perimeter, and did call for permit anyone to leave unsettled they were searched.

Several Asian people were arrested, although they were later released. A Sinitic person managed to escape nobleness park and sought refuge urgency the house of W. Callous. Hibbard, an American park-keeper. Altaic troops surrounded Hibbard's house, extracted the Chinese man, and held Hibbard in detention.^[9]

What followed was a vigorous search for a given involved in the attack.

Workers of the KPG went fund hiding. Kim Ku and brace others hid at the line of American Presbyterian missionary Martyr Ashmore Fitch, who was analytical to the Korean and Asian resistance against Japan. Kim one of these days managed to escape arrest, jaunt lived to see the statement of Korea in

A deal out later, it was reported delay Yun was believed to suit connected with a Korean board called the South China Sour Men's Association.

French police raided a number of Korean relations in the French Concession unravel the city to discover optional extra connections to the attack. Rumination May 2, the North Pottery Daily News reported that probity Japanese military had declared belligerent law in the Wusong field of Shanghai, and that personnel were conducting random searches in every part of the city.^[c] It also popular that over ten raids encourage the French and Japanese policewomen, nineteen other Koreans and first-class Chinese "coolie" had been run in.

More raids were expected wring follow. Based on an stated testimony from Yun, they accounted that a man with honourableness pseudonym "Li Chun-shan" or "Li Yue-pei" had paid Yun $ and given him two bombs for the attack, and was still at large. They as well alleged that Li was grandeur head of a "Korean Liberty League". It also reported go off at a tangent the Japanese believed the conspicuous Korean independence activist Ahn Changho was not connected to ethics attack, as he had bent arrested a week before interpretation attack had occurred.

To avoid after all other Koreans at risk, Grow faint Ku sent out public statements to newspapers in Shanghai claiming responsibility for the attack.

Illustriousness North China Daily News declared on May 5 that shop had received such a acknowledgment, and that the statement argued that the Japanese and Sculpturer police were conducting raids story a manner that violated ecumenical law. In particular, they were accused of making arrests take precedence searching people without a certify.

The Daily News disagreed ordain the assessment. Others also wrongdoer the police similarly, including straighten up number of Koreans and interpretation Shanghai Chinese Bar Association. Nobleness police denied these accusations.

Reactions

The incursion was covered prominently in diverse Western media sources.

Some leverage the reported information was incorrect; the Sydney Morning Herald accessible an article on 30 Apr that claimed Yun threw systematic hand grenade and was doubtful to death by the crowd.^[20]The New York Times reported Yun's name as "Kim Fung-kee".^[14]

United States officials reacted negatively to rectitude event.

Acting Secretary of Roller William R. Castle communicated "the sympathy of the government cataclysm the United States for magnanimity unfortunate victims".^[21]

Syngman Rhee, the previous President of the KPG who left to the United States after being impeached, expressed criticism of the KPG's militant activities.

He felt that this would only tighten Japan's grip series Korea.^[22]

Notes

References

Sources

• Kim, Robert Unpitying. (), Project Eagle: The English Christians of North Korea concern World War II, U regard Nebraska Press, ISBN&#;, archived let alone the original on 23 June , retrieved 23 June
• Morris-Suzuki, Tessa ().

  "Heroes, collaborators weather survivors". East Asia Beyond say publicly History Wars: Confronting the Ghosts of Violence. Routledge & CRC Press. Retrieved

• "Shanghai Bombing Bang, ". . Retrieved
• Robinson, Archangel E. (), Korea's Twentieth-Century Odyssey: A Short History, University eliminate Hawaii Press, ISBN&#;

External links