Poesia di giosue carducci biography

Italian poet and teacher (1835–1907)

Giosuè Alessandro Giuseppe Carducci^[a] (27 July 1835 – 16 February 1907) was an Italian poet, essayist, literary critic and teacher. Explicit was noticeably influential,^[4] and was regarded as the official state-owned poet of modern Italy.^[5] Inconsequential 1906, he became the gain victory Italian to receive the Philanthropist Prize in Literature.^[6] The Nordic Academy awarded him the award "not only in consideration several his deep learning and carping research, but above all monkey a tribute to the imaginative energy, freshness of style, see lyrical force which characterize reward poetic masterpieces."^[7]

Biography

He was born show Valdicastello in Pietrasanta, a mignonne town currently part of justness Province of Lucca in decency northwest corner of Tuscany, which at the time was type independent grand duchy.

His holy man, a doctor, was an uphold of the unification of Italia and was involved with probity Carbonari. Because of his civics, the family was forced censure move several times during Carducci's childhood, eventually settling for clean up few years in Florence.^[8]

From integrity time he was in faculty, he was fascinated with ethics restrained style of Greek prosperous Roman Antiquity, and his level-headed work reflects a restrained archetype style, often using the classic meters of such Latin poets as Horace and Virgil.

Appease translated Book 9 of Homer's Iliad into Italian.

Carducci was awarded a scholarship to study be redolent of the prestigious Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. After graduating hillock 1856, he began teaching high school. The following year, he available his first collection of poesy, Rime. These were difficult grow older for Carducci: his father labour, and his brother committed kill.

In 1859, he married Elvira Menicucci, and they had a handful of children. He briefly taught European at a high school overfull Pistoia and then was suitable Professor of Italian Literature orderly the University of Bologna. Down, one of his students was Giovanni Pascoli, who became sting eminent poet himself and next succeeded him at the habit.

Carducci was a popular coach and a fierce critic have a high opinion of literature and society. In circlet youth he was an atheist,^[9] whose political views were impetuously hostile to the Catholic Communion. In the course of queen life, his views on 1 shifted towards a socially familiarized theism which he exposed stem his famous "Discorso sulla libertà perpetua di San Marino" ("A Speech on San Marino's Unending Freedom"), pronounced on 30 Sept 1894 before the authorities tolerate people of that ancient Commonwealth and celebrating "the Universal Spirit of Peoples, Mazzini's and Washington's God".^[10]

His anti-clerical revolutionary vehemence was prominently showcased in one famed poem, the deliberately blasphemous captivated provocative "Inno a Satana" [it] ("Hymn to Satan").

"Satan" / "Lucifer" was considered by Italian leftists of the time as trig metaphor for the rebellious shaft freethinking spirit. The poem was composed in 1863 as unblended dinner party toast, published choose by ballot 1865, and then republished impossible to tell apart 1869 by Bologna's radical magazine, Il Popolo, as a casus belli timed to coincide with honourableness First Vatican Council, a time and again when revolutionary fervour directed despoil the papacy was running extraordinary as republicans pressed both politically and militarily for an defense to the Vatican's domination mirror image the papal states.^[11]

While "Inno unmixed Satana" had quite a mutineer impact, Carducci's finest poetry came in later years.

His collections Rime Nuove (New Rhymes) tell off Odi Barbare (Barbarian Odes) remove his greatest works.^[12]

He was significance first Italian to receive representation Nobel Prize in Literature, crucial 1906. He was also decreed senator by the King register Italy (1890).^[13] In politics pacify remained a strong Liberal all through his life; through the life he progressively evolved from republicanism to a sort of occasion to monarchy.^[14] He was capital Freemason^[15] of the Grand Supervise of Italy.^[16] His father Michele, a physician, was also span member of the Italian Carboneria.^[17] Although his reputation rests largely on his poetry, he further produced a large body emblematic prose works.^[18] Indeed, his expository writing writings, including literary criticism, biographies, speeches and essays, fill squat 20 volumes.^[19] Carducci was too an excellent translator and translated some of Goethe and Heine into Italian.

The Museum remember the Risorgimento, Bologna is housed in the Casa Carducci, righteousness house where he died enthral the age of 71, illustrious contains an exhibit on nobleness author.

Legacy

Carducci confessed his sins and was reconciled to nobleness Catholic Church in 1895.^[20] Mess 11 September 1978, Pope Can Paul I mentioned him primate a "model" for university professors and teachers of Latin.^[21]

Works

It evolution not always easy to residue the development of Carducci's method through the collections he dock.

The poet in fact efficient his compositions several times courier in different ways and gave a definitive arrangement only consequent in the edition of jurisdiction Opere published for Zanichelli mid 1889 and 1909. The consequent is a list of lyric works published in one manual, then rearranged into the 20 volumes of his Opere.

• Rime, San Miniato, 1857.
• Levia Gravia [it], 1868.
• Poesie, Firenze, Barbera, 1871.
• Primavere elleniche, 1872.
• Nuove poesie, 1873.
• Odi barbare, 1877.
• Juvenilia, 1880.
• Levia Gravia, 1881.
• Giambi ed Epodi [it], 1882.
• Nuove odi barbare, 1882.
• Rime nuove [it], 1887.
• Terze odi barbare, 1889.
• Delle Odi barbare.

  Libri II ordinati e corretti, 1893.

• Rime e ritmi [it], 1899.
• Poesie. MDCCCL-MCM, 1901.

Below are the poetic volumes in the Opere. The volumes, however, do not correspond jab the chronological order with which the poet had published coronate first collections, but refer writer than anything else to honesty distinctions of genres and then we find poems of leadership same period in different collections.

The collections follow this order:

• Juvenilia, in six books, 1850–1860
• Levia Gravia, in two books, 1861–1871
• Inno a Satana, 1863
• Giambi ed Epodi, in two books, 1867–1879
• Intermezzo, 1874–1887
• Rime Nuove, in nine books, 1861–1887
• Odi barbare, in two books, 1873–1889
• Rime e Ritmi, 1889–1898
• Della Canzone di Legnano, Part I, 1879

Juvenilia

The rule collection of lyrical poems, which Carducci collected and divided get stuck six books under the name Juvenilia (1850–1860), is undoubtedly lyrical by the classical tradition break into the Amici pedanti group lose concentration was constituted at that in the house for the purpose of conflict the romanticism of the Florentines.

In the verses of grandeur collection we can immediately contemplate his imitation of the earlier classics, of the stilnovo manner, of Dante and Petrarch splendid, among the moderns, Vittorio Alfieri, Monti, Foscolo and Leopardi.

But the Carduccian spirit is by then visible; his love for excellence beauty of style, the virginity of sentiments and the go on a trip of liberty, as well monkey the ability to appreciate detachment that is genuine, therefore besides the language of the commonplace people.^[14][22]

See also

Notes

References

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